12.2 Program Design

Structure Diagrams/Chart

Every computer system is made up of subsystems, which are made up of further sub-systems. Structure chart is used to represent this top-down design using a tree structure, showing the relationship between modules with the data transferred along it.

Converting Pseudocode to Structure Chart

• Break the program into main task and sub tasks
• Define main module and submodules
• Each module will be represented in boxes
• Parameters passed by value will go to the left
• Parameters passed by reference and return value goes to right

State Transition Diagrams/Chart

Visually represent how an algorithm transitions between all possible states based on different inputs or events